He 20KV medium voltage cable It is an essential component for modern electrical infrastructure. Its use extends widely in urban electricity distribution systems, industrial y rural. This article offers a deep look at the 20KV cable, Its variants, applications, normative, Technical specifications and real cases of implementation.
1. What is a medium voltage cable 20kv?
A medium voltage cable (MT) of 20 Kilovolts is a type of electric conductor designed to operate in networks with nominal tensions between 1kv and 36kv. The 20KV category is usually used in applications that require efficient electrical transmission at medium distances, and with mechanical demands, high thermal and environmental.
This type of cable is typically composed of:
- Conductor of aluminum the copper (with increasing preference for aluminum for its cost-benefit and reduced weight).
- Isolation With materials like XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene) o EPR (ethylene-propylene), both designed to withstand high dielectric tensions and temperatures above 90 ° C.
- Semiconductor screen y Metal screen To contain the electric field and guarantee security.
- External cover UV -resistant, humidity, Chemical agents and possible mechanical attacks.
2. Synonyms and terms related to 20kv medium voltage cable
- Underground 20kV cable
- Cable MT 20kV XLPE
- Medium voltage power cable
- Electric cable for 20kv distribution
- Three -phase medium voltage power cable
These terms are usually used indistinctly in the electricity sector. However, They can present slight differences in application depending on the design (monophase, three -phase, armed, No armor, For air or underground installation, etc.).
3. 20KV medium voltage cable applications
Los cables 20kV They are used in multiple sectors:
- Urban and suburban distribution networks: Distribution transformers feed.
- Heavy industry: Refineries, cement plants, Metallurgical factories that require reliable internal networks.
- Wind and Solar Parks: Energy transmission generated from investors to substations.
- Large residential shopping centers and complexes: Medium voltage energy supply and then transform it to low voltage.
In all these cases, Energy efficiency is prioritized, durability, corrosion resistance and facility.
4. Regulations and technical standards
To guarantee quality and safety, Medium voltage cables must comply with international regulations:
- IEC 60502-2: Energy cables with extruded insulation and its use in medium voltage systems.
- A 21123: Spanish regulations for cables up to 36kv.
- ICEA S-93-639 / No toilet: North American standards.
- IEEE 404 / IEEE 48: Applicable to endings and splices.
These regulations regulate aspects such as dielectric resistance, Partial download test, inflammability, mechanical resistance, etc.
5. Technical Specifications Table: Cable 20kv Monochonductor and three -phase (1x y 3x)
| Section (mm²) | Type | DIALETER EXT. (mm) | Weight (kg/km) | Resistance Ω/km (20°C) | Admissible current (A) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 | 1x | 27 | 360 | 1.20 | 130 |
| 25 | 3x | 73 | 1080 | 1.20 | 110 |
| 35 | 1x | 28 | 420 | 0.868 | 150 |
| 35 | 3x | 75 | 1260 | 0.868 | 125 |
| 50 | 1x | 30 | 470 | 0.641 | 180 |
| 50 | 3x | 78 | 1410 | 0.641 | 150 |
| 70 | 1x | 33 | 570 | 0.443 | 215 |
| 70 | 3x | 83 | 1710 | 0.443 | 180 |
| 95 | 1x | 36 | 680 | 0.320 | 260 |
| 95 | 3x | 88 | 2040 | 0.320 | 215 |
| 120 | 1x | 38 | 780 | 0.253 | 295 |
| 120 | 3x | 92 | 2340 | 0.253 | 240 |
| 150 | 1x | 41 | 900 | 0.206 | 335 |
| 150 | 3x | 96 | 2700 | 0.206 | 270 |
| 185 | 1x | 44 | 1030 | 0.164 | 375 |
| 185 | 3x | 100 | 3090 | 0.164 | 300 |
| 240 | 1x | 48 | 1260 | 0.125 | 430 |
| 240 | 3x | 105 | 3780 | 0.125 | 340 |
| 300 | 1x | 52 | 1520 | 0.100 | 490 |
| 300 | 3x | 110 | 4560 | 0.100 | 385 |
| 400 | 1x | 58 | 1940 | 0.0778 | 560 |
| 400 | 3x | 117 | 5820 | 0.0778 | 430 |
| 500 | 1x | 63 | 2380 | 0.0605 | 630 |
| 500 | 3x | 123 | 7140 | 0.0605 | 475 |
| 630 | 1x | 68 | 2950 | 0.0469 | 715 |
| 630 | 3x | 130 | 8850 | 0.0469 | 525 |
| 800 | 1x | 75 | 3680 | 0.0367 | 810 |
| 800 | 3x | 140 | 11040 | 0.0367 | 580 |
6. Real cases and application examples
Case 1: Wind Project in Patagonia (Argentina)
In a 40MW plant, Section 20kV cable was used 240 mm², XLPE, unipolar, To connect wind turbines to the elevator substation. Extreme climatic conditions demanded an HDPE roof resistant to UV radiation and wind abrasion.
Case 2: Subterraine network in dense urban zone (Space)
To replace an obsolete air network, A three -phase cable was installed×150 mm² of 20kv under a downtown street. Cable design included steel tape armor for greater mechanical protection. The underground installation helped reduce interruptions and improved urban aesthetics.
7. Key factors to select a 20KV cable
When selecting the type and section of a medium voltage cable, The following aspects should be considered:
- Line (To avoid excessive tension drop)
- Required current
- Thermal conditions of the environment
- Presence of humidity or corrosive agents
- Installation mode (Underground, In tray, in tube, air, Buried directly)
A common mistake is to oversize the cable, which unnecessarily elevates the cost. It is advisable to use electrical calculation software or consult manufacturer.
8. Conclusion: The strategic value of the 20kv cable
Investing in a good medium voltage cable of 20KV not only guarantees energy continuity, It reduces long -term maintenance costs, Joule effect losses and operational failures. Choosing adequate cable according to real regulations and conditions of service is a technical decision that must involve engineering, Logistics and long -term vision.
If you are looking for Technical Advice on what type of 20kV cable it best suits your project or you want a quote with technical file, Do not hesitate to contact us.